Portable lighting device with reconfigurable user interface

ABSTRACT

A portable lighting device that provides different user interfaces that may be selected by the user. Each user interface may provide one or more operational modes, such as on mode, power save mode, strobe mode or momentary mode. After a user interface is selected, the user may select on of the operational modes. The portable lighting device may be a flashlight.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The current invention generally relates to portable lighting devices,such as flashlights, including such devices where the user interfaceand/or modes of operation may be reconfigured by the user.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Various portable lighting devices, including flashlights, are known inthe art. Such lighting devices typically include one or more batterieshaving positive and negative electrodes. The batteries may be arrangedelectrically in series or parallel in a battery compartment or housing.

An electrical circuit is established from a battery electrode throughconductive means which are electrically coupled to an electrode of alight source, such as a light emitting diode (“LED”) or other type oflamp bulb. After passing through the light source, the electric circuitcontinues through a second electrode of the light source in electricalcontact with conductive means, which in turn are in electrical contactwith the other electrode of a battery. The circuit includes a switch toopen or close the circuit. Actuation of the switch to close theelectrical circuit enables current to pass through the lamp bulb, LED orother light source thereby generating light.

Some advanced portable lighting devices provide multiple modes ofoperation for different needs. For example, in addition to a typicalfull power or standard power mode, some advanced flashlights may includea power reduction mode, a blink or strobe mode, an SOS mode, a momentarymode and/or other mode(s). The group of different operating modesprovided by a particular lighting device may be referred to as the userinterface in that the user may interface with the lighting device toselect one of the available operating modes.

Such portable lighting devices typically include a main power switch,such as a button that may be pressed down by the user. Such lightingdevices may also include additional electronics such as an electronicswitch that may provide power to the LED or other light source, amicrocontroller or microprocessor that is coupled to the electronicswitch and that is programmed to close the electronic switch to providepower to and illuminate the LED or other light source according to thedesired operating mode, e.g., dimmer for power save mode, and thedot/dot/dot-dash/dash/dash pattern for an SOS mode.

With such portable lighting devices such as a flashlight, the user mayselect the desired mode of operation from the user interface bymanipulating the flashlight in certain manners. For example, the mainpower switch may be pressed and held down for a certain amount of timeor pressed down a certain number of instances to select a differentmode. As another example, the body of the flashlight may be rotatedand/or pointed in a particular direction to select or vary a particularmode.

In such portable lighting devices, the user interface typically providesa certain number of pre-determined operating modes, and the user maymanipulate the lighting device, e.g., by pressing on the main powerswitch in a particular manner, to select between these different modes.For example, where a portable lighting device such as a flashlightprovides a full power mode, power save mode, blink or strobe mode, SOSmode, or momentary mode, the main power switch may be pressed down for acertain length of time or a certain number of instances to select any ofthese modes.

An issue that may exist with multi-mode portable electronic lightingdevices of the type described above is that the operational modesprovided by a particular user interface may not be desirable for everyuser. For example, typical consumers may prefer an SOS mode for safetypurposes when seeking help. However, law enforcement users may prefer a“momentary” mode where the LED or other light source is illuminated onlywhile the main power switch is pressed down and the light turns off whenno longer pressed. This mode is useful where the law enforcement userwants to quickly turn the light on and off or wants it off if theflashlight is dropped (as opposed to turning the light on with a “latch”mode where the switch is “latched” into an “on” position, but then mustbe un-latched to turn the light off).

If the user interface provides an SOS mode but not a momentary mode, thelighting device may be favored more by consumers than law enforcementusers. Conversely, if the user interface provides a momentary mode butnot an SOS mode, the lighting device may be favored more by lawenforcement users than consumers. Accordingly, because lighting devicessuch as flashlights are used for a variety of purposes and by a varietyof people, including both ordinary consumers and law enforcementofficers, a need exists for a portable lighting device, such as aflashlight, in which the user interface may be reconfigured so thatdifferent modes may be accessed by a user (or different users) accordingto a user's particular needs.

Another issue that may exist with the above-described multi-modelighting devices arises where the different modes of operation providedby the user interface are arranged in a set sequence. Where this is thecase, in order to select a certain mode, the user may need to indexthrough all the modes that precede the desired mode. If a user interfaceprovides a number of modes, it may become cumbersome for a particularuser to index through a number of modes to arrive at the desired mode.This may be especially so where the modes most often used by the userare late in the sequence and/or are not next to each other in thesequence. In other words, the user interface may not be optimallydesigned for the user's pattern of use. Accordingly, a need exists for aportable lighting device in which the user interface may be selected,reconfigured, or changed, in order to provide the modes of operationoptimally suited for the user's pattern of use. Another need exists forthe user to be able to select a particular mode without having to indexthrough the preceding modes of the given user interface.

Another issue may arise with certain multi-mode electronic portablelighting devices when the lighting device is dropped such that thebatteries are temporarily dislodged and power is momentarily cut off. Incertain multi-mode flashlights, this brief interruption in power maysignal to the lighting device that a different mode has been selected.This may create a dangerous situation, for example, where the user needsconstant light but the lighting device has switched to a blink or strobemode. Accordingly, a need exists for a lighting device which maydistinguish between intended and unintended power interruptions to avoidpotentially dangerous situations. A need also exists for a lightingdevice in which different modes may be selected without the lightingdevice being turned off for an appreciable amount of time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the current invention is to provide a multi-mode portableelectronic lighting device, such as a flashlight, that ameliorates oraddresses one or more of the foregoing issues associated with prior artlighting devices.

In an aspect of the current invention, a multi-mode portable electroniclighting device that provides different user interfaces is described. Inone embodiment, the multi-mode portable electronic lighting device mayinclude several preset user interfaces for the user to choose between,with each user interface having a unique combination and sequence ofoperational modes. The user may choose among the user interfaces and setthe desired interface as the operating user interface for the multi-modeportable electronic lighting device.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a multi-mode portableelectronic lighting device that includes a means for allowing the userto directly select an operational mode without the need to index throughthe sequence of operational modes. In one embodiment, the multi-modeportable electronic lighting device comprises a button that the user canuse to signal the desired operational mode. For example, pressing orclicking the button once would change the operating mode of the lightingdevice to the first operational mode of the user interface; pressing orclicking the button twice would change the operating mode to the secondoperational mode of the user interface; and so on. The user may press orclick the button any number of times—thereby selecting any of theoperational modes available under the operating userinterface—regardless of the lighting device's then operating mode.

Another aspect of the current invention involves a switch module thatmay contain the electronics and capability associated with the currentinvention to provide the user with different user interfaces. Thisswitch module may be used to replace existing mechanical or other typesof switches in existing lighting devices, thereby providing aretrofitting capability, and providing such existing lighting deviceswith the reconfigurable user interface capability of the currentinvention.

Another aspect of the current invention involves the user being able tocreate his or her own customized user interfaces so that a userinterface having the modes specifically desired by the user and in apreferred order may be obtained.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a side view of a flashlight.

FIG. 2 is a section view of a flashlight

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a manner in which user interfaces may bechanged or reconfigured in flashlights and other portable lightingdevices.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram illustrating the relationship of electroniccircuitry according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 5 depicts a microcontroller.

FIG. 6 depicts a MOSFET driver circuit.

FIG. 7 depicts memory circuitry.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Embodiments of the current invention will now be described withreference to the drawings. To facilitate the description, any referencenumeral representing an element in one figure will represent the sameelement in any other figure. The current invention is not limited to thespecific description below, as one skilled in the art will appreciatethat variations may occur in the subject matter described below whilestill being within the scope and content of the current invention. Thedescription below makes reference to flashlights, but one skilled in theart will recognize that the current invention is suitable for othertypes of portable lighting devices, handheld or otherwise.

A flashlight 100 contemplated by the current invention is now describedwith reference to the figures. As shown in FIG. 1, flashlight 100 maygenerally include a head 102, barrel 104, tail cap 106 and power switch108. The flashlight may be a non-rechargeable flashlight or arechargeable flashlight. If rechargeable, the flashlight may includeexternal charging contacts (not shown) to recharge the power source,e.g., battery, when it is contained in the flashlight. However, thecurrent invention is equally for use with non-rechargeable portablelighting devices or with rechargeable batteries which are recharged whenremoved from the lighting device.

As shown in FIG. 2, flashlight 100 may also include battery or batterypack 110 housed in barrel 104. The battery may be non-rechargeable orrechargeable. One battery 110 or a plurality of batteries 110 may beused. Flashlight 100 may also include spring 116 which may beelectrically coupled to the negative electrode of battery 110 and totail cap 106. Flashlight 100 may also include positive contact 118 whichmay be electrically coupled to the positive electrode of battery orbattery pack 110 and which may serve to provide power.

Flashlight 100 may also include switch module 120 that may containelectronics, such as assembled circuit board 472, to provide thereconfigurable interfaces of the current invention. Switch module 120may also include power switch 108 which may be a mechanical orelectronic press-button switch. In one application of the currentinvention, an electronic switch module 120 may be retrofitted intoexisting flashlights by replacing the mechanical type of switchcontained in such existing flashlights.

As shown in FIG. 2, head 102 may include LED 130, though other types oflight source may be used. Head 102 may also include reflector 132 andlens 134. As also shown in FIG. 2, other suitable mechanical andelectrical components may be used to support LED 130, to provide anelectrical path therethrough and to provide thermal coupling therefor.Such components are described in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 7,579,782and/or U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 12/188,233, 12/353,965 and/or12/657,290, the contents of which are all expressly incorporated byreference as though set forth herein. LED 130 may be included in amodule 131 that may position LED 130, and provide electrical and/orthermal coupling, as described, for example, in U.S. patent applicationSer. Nos. 10/922,714, 11/227,768 and/or 12/188,201, the contents ofwhich are all expressly incorporated by reference as though set forthherein.

In the embodiment of flashlight 100 shown in FIGS. 1-2, the basicelectrical circuit may be as follows. Battery 110 provides power throughthe positive contact 118 to the switch module 120. Electricalconnections within switch module 120 provide an electrical path to thepositive electrode of LED 130. Assembled circuit board 472 may form partof the electrical path through switch module 120. A light output isproduced by LED 130 as power passes therethrough. After passing throughLED 130, the electrical circuit passes through the negative electrodethereof to barrel 110, tail cap 106, spring 116 and back to the negativeelectrode of battery 110. The user may turn on flashlight 100 bypressing down switch 108. However, other types of electrical circuitsmay be used.

As discussed in more detail later, switch module 120 may include anelectronic power switch, a microprocessor or microcontroller, memoryand/or other electronics which may be used to store informationpertaining to user interfaces and the operational modes providedthereby. These electronics may also be used to select between availableuser interfaces and operational modes as discussed below. In a preferredembodiment, these electronics may reside on assembled circuit board 472,though they may be located elsewhere. Electronics that may be used inconnection with the current invention are described, for example, U.S.Pat. No. 7,579,782 and/or U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 12/188,233,12/353,965 and/or 12/657,290, the contents of which are all expresslyincorporated by reference as though set forth herein.

As used herein, the term “user interface” may generally refer to a menu,or a sequence, set or list of operational modes that may be provided bya portable lighting device to a user. The current invention is notlimited to the particular operational modes and user interfacesdescribed herein. Indeed, the scope of the invention extends to whateveroperational modes and/or user interfaces that may be preferred toaddress a particular user's needs.

Different sets of operational modes and/or user interfaces may bedesired by different types of users. Besides the standard or normalpower mode, for example, users may desire various other modes such as apower save mode, a strobe mode, an SOS mode, a momentary mode or othermodes. And within the set of modes provided by a portable lightingdevice, certain modes may be used more often than others. Accordingly,different types of users may desire different user interfaces, both interms of the modes provided by the interface, as well as the order inwhich the modes are provided.

To accommodate the preferences of various users, flashlight 100 mayprovide several user interfaces, with each user interface having aunique combination and/or sequence of operational modes. In oneembodiment of the current invention, flashlight 100 provides four userinterfaces as set forth in the following table. As discussed below, twoof the four user interfaces provide modes that may be typicallypreferred by consumers. These are identified as User Interfaces 1 and 2,or Consumer 1 and Consumer 2. The other two user interfaces providemodes that may be typically preferred by law enforcement officers. Theseare identified as User Interfaces 3 and 4, or Law Enforcement 1 and LawEnforcement 2.

TABLE 1 User Interfaces Available User Interfaces Inter- Inter- face 3Law face 4 Law Interface 1 Interface 2 Enforce- Enforce- Consumer 1Consumer 2 ment 1 ment 2 (default) (optional) (optional) (optional)First On On Momentary Momentary Operational Mode Second Power Save PowerSave On On Operational Mode Third Strobe SOS Power Save StrobeOperational Mode

As noted above, the current invention is not limited to these four userinterfaces. To this end, flashlight 100 or other portable lightingdevice of the current invention may provide other user interfaces, withother sequences of operational modes, that may be intended for any setof users.

Interface 1 may be set as a default user interface so that flashlight100 provides a user interface upon its initial use when taken from apackage after purchase. As shown, Interface 1 may include operationalmodes that are desired by ordinary consumers, such as an on mode, apower save mode and a blink or strobe mode.

Interface 2 may contain modes desired by other ordinary consumers, i.e.,an on mode, a power save mode and an SOS mode. Interface 3 may containmodes desired by certain law enforcement officers, i.e., a momentarymode, an on mode and a power save mode. Interface 4 may contain modesdesired by other law enforcement officers, i.e., a momentary mode, an onmode and a blink or strobe mode.

User Interfaces 2, 3 and 4 may be referenced as optional and may beselected per the method described below. However, any of User Interfaces2, 3 or 4 may be set as a default with User Interface 1 being optional.

As shown, each user interface provides a different choice of operationalmodes as well as a different sequence thereof. For example, if aconsumer acquires flashlight 100, and he or she believes that a strobemode would be of more use than an SOS mode, he or she may selectConsumer Interface 1. Or if the user believes that he or she would usean SOS mode more often than a strobe mode, User Interface 2 (i.e.,Consumer Interface 2) may be selected. Accordingly, the user's preferredmodes of operation are readily available. As another example, if a lawenforcement officer acquires flashlight 100, he or she may choosebetween Law Enforcement Interfaces 1 and 2 according to whether he orshe believes a power save mode or a strobe mode would be more useful.

Any particular user can select any one of the four user interfacesprovided. For example, it should be noted that a consumer may actuallydesire either of the law enforcement user interfaces, and that a lawenforcement officer may desire either of the consumer user interfaces.Accordingly, the labels associated with the different user interfacesare not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, each of thefour user interfaces of the above table may provide additional and/ordifferent modes of operation.

Additional user interfaces other than the four user interfaces may alsobe provided by flashlight 100 that contain operational modes that may bepreferred by other groups of users, e.g., miners, farmers, outdoorguides, etc. And within these additional user interfaces, specific setsand sequences of modes may be provided.

The manner in which different user interfaces may be selected is nowdescribed. In one embodiment, the following steps may generally occur:

1. Interrupt power supply, e.g., loosen or remove the tail cap from thebarrel, for more than a predetermined amount of time, e.g., a second ormore;

2. Press and hold down the main power switch button;

3. Re-establish power supply, e.g., tighten or reattach the tail cap tothe barrel while the main power switch button continues to be pressed;

4. Continue to hold down the button of the main power switch until asignal is generated, in the present embodiment, the signal is a certainnumber of blinks from the light source, wherein the number of blinksdenotes a particular user interface; and

5. Release the button of the main power switch after the desired numberof blinks (i.e., the desired user interface) is seen.

The method 200 of selecting a particular user interface is now describedin more detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 3. Generally, ifthe user is satisfied with the type of operational modes set forth inthe default user interface, any of the optional user interfaces need notbe selected. But as shown, to select any of the optional userinterfaces, the user may first interrupt the power supply. In apreferred embodiment, this may occur by loosening tail cap 106 bypartially unscrewing it from barrel 104, or by removing tail cap 106, asshown in step 202. Tail cap 106 need only be loosened enough to open themain power circuit and disrupt the flow of power from battery 110. Itmay generally be easier for the user to only loosen tail cap 106 ratherthan remove it.

In this embodiment, tail cap loosening or removal is discussed becausetail cap 106 forms part of the electrical circuit between the batteriesand light source. Tail cap 106 is preferably loosened or removed formore than a predetermined amount of time so that the electronics offlashlight 100 recognize that a user interface is being selected, asopposed to there being a momentary disruption of the power source, suchas when flashlight 100 is dropped causing the batteries to be displaced.Accordingly, the predetermined time period of step 202 is preferablylonger than that associated with a momentary disruption of power. Thedisruption of power and the manner in which the electronics may handlethis disruption are also discussed, for example, in U.S. patentapplication Ser. Nos. 12/188,233, 12/353,965 and/or 12/657,290, thecontents of which are expressly incorporated by reference as though setforth herein. The predetermined time period of step 202 may vary.

In a preferred embodiment, the electronics of flashlight 100 maydistinguish between there being a sufficiently long power interruptionor not by, e.g., measuring the voltage of a capacitor in its circuitry.Where the voltage has not sufficiently decayed, the power interruptionwas not sufficiently long and the electronics may view the interruptionas momentary or accidental such as when the flashlight is dropped. Inthis case, the existing user interface will not be changed. This may beimportant where, for example, the user is in a dangerous situation andneeds continuous light, but drops the flashlight without intending tochange the user interface.

In FIG. 3, an accidental or other short interruption of power isrepresented by the “no” decision in step 202. In this case, and asshown, no user interface selection occurs. Where the voltage hassufficiently decayed, however, the power interruption has beensufficiently long and the electronics may view the interruption asindicating that a new interface is being selected. In FIG. 3, this isrepresented by the “yes” decision in step 202.

In other types of portable lighting devices where the tail cap does notform part of the electrical circuit, the user may perform an alternatestep to interrupt power from the batteries to signify to the electronicsthat a user interface is being selected.

As shown in step 202, if the tail cap is not loosened or removed (andthus the electrical circuit is not disrupted) for more than thepredetermined time period, method 200 of selecting another userinterface goes no further and another user interface is not selected.But if the tail cap has been loosened or removed for sufficiently long,as indicated by the “yes” decision in step 202, the next step 204occurs.

Step 204 involves the user pressing down on power switch 108 prior tore-establishing the power supply, e.g., by tightening or reattachingtail cap 106, and continuing to press down on power switch 108 whiletail cap 106 is tightened or reattached As shown in FIG. 3, if this doesnot occur, as represented by the “no” decision in step 204, another userinterface will not be selected. But if the user performs this step, the“yes” decision in step 204 occurs. In general, it may be easier for theuser to only partially unscrew tail cap 106 enough to disrupt the mainpower circuit so that the user need only screw tail cap 106 a little totighten it to barrel 104 (as opposed to joining a separate tail cap 106to barrel 104).

At this point, if the user continues to hold down the power switch formore than a predetermined amount of time after the tail cap has beenreattached, as represented by the “yes” decision in step 206, anotheruser interface may be selected. The predetermined amount of time in step206 may be about 2 seconds, though other periods of time may be used. Inone embodiment, it is preferred that the predetermined amount of time besufficiently long for the electronics of flashlight 100, e.g.,microcontroller, to power up so as to be capable of executing commandsto allow the user to select an interface.

Where the user has continued to press down on power switch 108 aftertail cap 106 has been tightened or reattached, the light will blink onetime, then two times, then three times and then four times. Each numberof blinks may be associated with a particular user interface. Apredetermined amount of time may transpire before the first blink, aswell as between each set of blink(s). The predetermined amount of timemay vary.

As shown in FIG. 3, after the user has pressed down the power switchsufficiently long as in step 206, the light may blink one time as shownin step 208. If the user releases the power switch after that one blink(or does not continue to hold down the switch for more than apredetermined amount of time) as shown by the “no” decision of step 210,User Interface 1 will be selected as shown in step 212. In theembodiment of FIG. 3, this would be User Interface 1 or Consumer 1.

If the user continues to hold down the power switch for more than thepredetermined amount of time, as shown by the “yes” decision in step210, the light will blink twice as shown in step 214. If the userreleases the power switch after the two blinks (or does not continue tohold down the switch for more than a predetermined amount of time) asshown by the “no” decision in step 216, User Interface 2 will beselected as shown in step 218. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, this wouldbe User Interface 2 or Consumer 2.

If the user continues to hold down the power switch for more than thepredetermined amount of time, as shown by the “yes” decision in step216, the light will blink three times as shown in step 220. If the userreleases the switch after the three blinks (or does not continue to holddown the switch for more than a predetermined amount of time) as shownby the “no” decision in step 222, User Interface 3 will be selected asshown in step 224. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, this would be UserInterface 3 or Law Enforcement 1.

If the user continues to hold down the power switch for more than thepredetermined amount of time, as shown by the “yes” decision in step222, the light will blink four times as shown in step 226. If the userreleases the switch after the four blinks (or does not continue to holddown the switch for more than a predetermined amount of time) as shownby the “no” decision in step 228, User Interface 4 will be selected asshown in step 230. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, this would be UserInterface 4 or Law Enforcement 2.

If the user continues to hold down power switch 108 for more than thepredetermined amount of time, as shown by the “yes” decision in step228, the user may again be presented with the choice of selecting UserInterface 4. Alternatively, the electronics of flashlight 100 may revertto the top of the interface choices and blink once. The same steps maythen occur. Alternatively, the electronics of flashlight 100 may end themethod of FIG. 3 wherein no different user interface is selected. Inthis case, the user may need to restart method 200 by again interruptingthe power supply by, e.g., loosening or removing tail cap 106 as in step202.

Once a user interface is selected, the different modes comprising thatinterface are available to the user. To select between the modes of agiven user interface, the user may click power switch 108 a certainnumber of times to select each mode. In a preferred embodiment, the usermay select operational modes by quickly clicking the power switch. Forexample, if the user has selected Interface 1, the user may click onceto access the on mode, i.e., turn the flashlight on. Alternatively, theuser may click the switch twice and access the power save mode.Alternatively, the user may click the switch three times and access thestrobe mode. This provides the benefit that the user may proceeddirectly to the desired mode and need not index through each operatingmode preceding the desired operating mode.

In a preferred embodiment, if flashlight 100 is in a particular mode,and the user desires to select another mode, the user may turn offflashlight 100 briefly. The user may then select the new mode byclicking power switch 108 the appropriate number of times.

If User Interface 1 included more than three modes, the user couldalternatively click the switch four times to access the fourth availablemode, and so on. As indicated above, the current invention is notlimited to user interfaces having only three modes.

It is preferred that the user interfaces and the operational modes theyprovide may be programmed into the flashlight or other portable lightingdevice of the current invention through software. In this manner, theelectrical circuits and other hardware of the lighting device need notbe changed to provide different user interfaces. For example, in theexample discussed above, five different operating modes, i.e., on, powersave, SOS, momentary and strobe, may be programmed into amicrocontroller contained in the electronics. This may occur as thedifferent user interfaces are programmed into microcontroller 720. Andwhen the user selects any of the modes by choosing a user interface andthen selecting the mode within that user interface, the microcontrollermay provide signals to power the LED or other light source accordingly.Additional modes may also be programmed into the microcontroller so thatother command signals associated with those modes may be provided by themicrocontroller.

In a preferred embodiment, the user interfaces and the modes provided byeach interface may programmed into and stored by memory embedded in amicrocontroller or microprocessor. For example, the interfaces and modesmay be stored by embedded EEPROM or in self-writable flash memory. Thisprogramming may occur during manufacture of flashlight 100 or otherportable lighting device, or thereafter. The use of this type of memoryand accessing of information from memory is discussed, for example, U.S.Pat. No. 7,579,782 and/or U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 12/188,233,12/353,965 and/or 12/657,290, the contents of which are all expresslyincorporated by reference as though set forth herein.

The electronics and programming associated with the current inventionwill now be further described with reference to FIGS. 4-7. As mentionedearlier, switch module 120 may include electronics such as assembledcircuit board 472. Various electronics may reside on assembled circuitboard 472 or elsewhere. Assembled circuit board 472 is described inconnection with flashlight 100. However, it is to be understood thatassembled circuit board 472 as well as switch module 120 may also beused in other flashlights or other portable lighting devices.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating the relationship of theelectronic circuitry of assembled circuit board 472. In the embodimentof FIG. 4, assembled circuit board 472 includes microcontroller circuit808, reverse battery protection circuit 802, linear regulator circuit804, first mode memory device 810, second mode memory device 812, thirdmode memory device 814, bypass switch 806, MOSFET driver 820, electricload switch 822, momentary pad 589, latch pad 590, and cell count testpoint 824.

As discussed later, mode memory devices 810, 812, 814 may be used tostore or provide certain information about the operation of flashlight100. For example, mode memory device 810 may provide informationregarding whether the power supply has been interrupted, e.g., by tailcap 106 being loosened or removed, sufficiently long (as in step 202 ofFIG. 3) so as to proceed with reconfiguring the user interface. Devices812, 814 may be used to store information reflecting the currentoperational mode so that flashlight 100 may return to that current modeafter a momentary loss of power as may occur when, e.g., flashlight 100is dropped.

Reverse battery protection circuit 802, linear regulating circuit 804and cell count test point 824 are not discussed further herein. Theirstructure and function, as well as other aspects of assembled circuitboard 472, are further described in U.S. patent application Ser. Nos.12/188,233 and 12/353,965, the contents of which are all expresslyincorporated by reference as though set forth herein. But in general,reverse battery protection circuit 802 may receive voltage 702 from thepositive contact 118 from battery pack or other power source 110, andmay also be coupled to internal voltage supply 704. With reverse batteryprotection circuit 802, when the battery or battery pack is installed inreverse order, no current will flow through current paths of theflashlight. Linear regulator circuit 804, which may be coupled tointernal voltage supply 706, may be used to regulate the amount of powersupplied to microcontroller 720. Cell count test point 824 may be usedto input information to microcontroller 720 regarding the power source110 to be used in flashlight 100 or other portable lighting device ofthe current invention.

Referring to FIG. 5, microcontroller circuit 808 includes amicrocontroller 720 and connections. Microcontroller 720 may receiveinput signals through signal lines ADC_MODE_CAP1 722, ADC_MODE_CAP2 724,ADC_MODE_CAP3 726, MISO 730, MOMENTARY_SWITCH 736, MAIN_SWITCH 738, andRESET 742. Microcontroller 720 also delivers output signals throughsignal lines ADC_MODE_CAP1 722, ADC_MODE_CAP2 724, ADC_MODE_CAP3 726,BYPASS_LDO 734, and LAMP_DRIVE 740. Accordingly, signal linesADC_MODE_CAP2 722, ADC_MODE_CAP1 724, ADC_MODE_CAP3 726 arebi-directional.

In one embodiment, microcontroller 720 may be a commercialmicrocontroller having embedded memory, such as, for example, ATtiny24which is an 8-bit microcontroller manufactured by Atmel Corporation ofSan Jose, Calif. Microcontrollers such as ATtiny24 and ATtiny84, whichhave more flash memory, may also be used. In another embodiment,microcontroller 720 may be a microprocessor. Yet in other embodiments,microcontroller 720 may comprise discrete circuits. The structure andfunction of microcontroller 720 are further discussed in U.S. patentapplication Ser. Nos. 12/188,233 and 12/353,965, the contents of whichare all expressly incorporated by reference as though set forth herein.

While flashlight 100 (or other portable lighting device) is assembled,e.g., tail cap 106 is not loosened or removed and power source 110 isproviding power, microcontroller 720 preferably receives power frompower source 110 regardless of whether the power switch 108 is closedand flashlight 100 is turned “on.” But as discussed later, when tail cap106 is loosened or removed, or when the portable lighting device isotherwise disassembled, so that power source 110 is not electricallycoupled to the electronics, microcontroller 720 and the electronics onassembled circuit board 472 will not be powered for a sufficiently longtime so that residual stored voltages decay. Information regardingdecayed voltage, e.g., zero voltage, may be used to proceed with theuser interface reconfiguration algorithm.

Microcontroller 720 may be programmed during manufacture of flashlight100, or other portable lighting device, to input various informationsuch as the different user interfaces and operational modes as discussedabove. Various computer programs may be used to create microcontrollercommands to provide the desired modes and interfaces. The code thuswritten may then be compiled and downloaded to microcontroller 720. In apreferred embodiment, the software may be downloaded through inputs 728,732 of microcontroller 720 (FIG. 5). This information is also preferablystored in an embedded non-volatile memory, such as EEPROM orself-writable flash memory, of microcontroller 720 so that commandsregarding the power to be provided to LED 130 to effect differentoperational modes are saved.

FIG. 6 shows a circuit schematic diagram of MOSFET driver circuit 820and a load switch 822. The structure and function of circuit 820 andload switch 822 are further discussed in U.S. patent application Ser.Nos. 12/188,233 and 12/353,965, the contents of which are all expresslyincorporated as though set forth herein. In the embodiment of FIG. 6,electronic load switch 822 comprises PMOS 780. The source of PMOS 780 iscoupled to internal voltage supply 704 while the drain of PMOS 780 iscoupled to voltage output pin 710. Voltage output pin 710 may be coupledto the positive electrode of the LED 130 of flashlight 100. The gate ofPMOS 780 is coupled through line 784 to a MOSFET driver 820, which isimplemented by a bipolar transistor 782. The gate of PMOS 780 is alsopulled-up to internal voltage supply 704 by a resistor 778. Accordingly,when the base of bipolar transistor 782 is driven high by signalLAMP_DRIVE 740, bipolar transistor 782 is closed and begins to conduct,which in turn causes PMOS 780 to close and conduct. Therefore, electricpower can flow from internal voltage supply 704 to voltage output pin710 thereby completing the circuit to power LED 130. Capacitor 779 mayalso be included as shown.

With the switch assembly design described above, as long as power source110 is installed and electrically coupled to switch module 120,assembled circuit board 472 will be supported by power from power source110 regardless whether the flashlight 100 is turned “on” or turned“off.” By default, microcontroller 720 is preferably in a very low powerstand-by mode to minimize drain on the batteries. When power switch 108is pressed down thereby turning “on” flashlight 100 by closing thecircuit, microcontroller 720 wakes up from the low power stand-by modeand turns on to close the load switch 780, which in turn powers LED 130of flashlight 100. As long as power switch 108 is pressed down therebyclosing the circuit, LED 130 may be powered. Once power switch 108 isreleased, microcontroller 720 will turn “off” load switch 780 and powerto LED 130 will be cut off. Microcontroller 720 will then go back to lowpower stand-by mode.

Referring to FIG. 7, the three mode memory devices 810, 812, 814 willnow be described. The first mode memory device 810 has an input/outputsignal line ADC_MODE_CAP1 724 which is coupled to microcontroller 720.Signal line ADC_MODE_CAP1 724 is also coupled to one end of a chargeresistor 754. The other end of resistor 754 is coupled to an RC circuitcomprising a bleed off resistor 756 connected in parallel with acapacitor 758. The other end of the RC circuit is coupled to ground.This first mode memory device 810 may be used to store information in atemporary manner. Microcontroller 720 may be used to store informationin mode memory device 810 by setting signal line ADC_MODE_CAP1 724 to ahigh or a low signal. The high signal would be stored in the first modememory device 810 for a short period of time, for example, 2 seconds,before it is decayed sufficiently that it is no longer recognized as ahigh signal. Microcontroller 720 can execute a read operation fromsignal line ADC_MODE_CAP1 724 to retrieve data stored in the first modememory device 810. In one embodiment, the resistance of resistor 756 is1.0 Mega Ohms while the capacitance of capacitor 758 is 1.0 micro Farad.As shown in FIG. 7, memory mode devices 812, 814 may have the sameconfiguration. Memory mode device 812 may comprise input/output signalline 722, charge resistor 760 and an RC circuit comprising bleed offresistor 762 and capacitor 764. Memory mode device 814 may compriseinput/output signal line 726, charge resistor 766 and an RC circuitcomprising bleed off resistor 768 and capacitor 770.

Memory device 810 may be used in connection with step 202 of FIG. 3.That is, capacitor 758 may store a certain voltage when tail cap 106 isassembled and power is provided to the electronics including memory modedevice 810. Once tail cap 106 is loosened or removed and power frompower source 110 is discontinued, the voltage stored by capacitor 758will decay. If tail cap 106 is removed for longer than a certain periodof time as in step 202, the voltage stored by capacitor 758 willsufficiently decay, e.g., go to zero. Information reflecting the voltagestored on capacitor 758, which may be zero or sufficiently small toindicate decay, may be read by microcontroller 720 to indicate that themain power circuit including power source 110 has been openedsufficiently long. This in turn indicates that the user may want tochange the user interface and allows the user interface reconfigurationalgorithm of FIG. 3 to proceed. (The user may then perform steps 204 and206 to do so.)

In contrast, if the main power circuit is opened for only a short time,such as when flashlight 100 may be dropped, the voltage decay oncapacitor 758 will be sufficiently small. This, in turn, will notindicate to microcontroller 720 that a user interface reconfiguration isintended (as represented by the “no” decision in step 202 of FIG. 3).

Expressed digitally, for a preferred embodiment as discussed above, ifthe information in memory device 810 is 0, this indicates that power hasbeen discontinued for sufficiently long, which in turn allows thealgorithm providing for user interface reconfiguration to proceed. Onthe other hand, if the information in memory device 810 is 1, thisindicates that power was only briefly discontinued (as may occur with adropped flashlight) and the user interface reconfiguration algorithmdoes not proceed.

As noted earlier, reconfiguring the user interface reconfiguration perthe current invention is not limited so as to require the step ofloosening or removing tail cap 106 for a sufficiently long time.Alternatively, power may be discontinued to the electronics, and thevoltage stored by capacitor 758 may be caused to decay, by other typesof power interruption. For example, power may be discontinued bypressing down on another switch (not shown) on the portable lightingdevice, which switch serves to open the main power circuit. As anotherexample, another component that forms part of the main power circuit maybe loosened or removed.

The operation of the electronics such as shown in FIG. 4, and how thoseelectronics effect the algorithm shown in FIG. 3 is now furtherdescribed. As indicated with reference to FIG. 3, if the user has helddown power switch 108 while tail cap 106 has been tightened or replaced(step 204), and the user continues to hold down power switch 108sufficiently long (step 206), LED 130 will start blinking. The blinkingmay occur after a predetermined length of time.

In FIG. 4, the user pressing down on power switch 108 is represented bypower being provided by power supply source 708 and the closing ofswitch 806. Accordingly, microcontroller 720 may read whether switch 806was closed while tail cap 106 was tightened or replaced (step 204) andwhether switch 806 was closed thereafter for a sufficiently long amountof time (step 206).

If both of these steps occurred, microcontroller 720 may send a signalthrough line 740 to MOSFET driver 820, which in turn would send a signalthrough line 784 to close electronic switch 822 thereby providingvoltage out signal 710 to power LED 130. The first such signal wouldeffect one blink of LED 130. Microcontroller would then continue tomonitor through line 734 whether switch 806 remained closed. If so,microcontroller 720 may send another signal through line 740 to MOSFETdriver 820, which in turn would close electronic switch 822 twice tosend power to LED 130 to effect two blinks. In similar fashion,microcontroller 720 would continue to monitor whether the user continuesto hold down power switch 108, and if so, to power LED 130 to blinkthree times, and then four times.

The other memory mode devices 812, 814 are now further described. Secondmode memory device 812 and the third mode memory device 814 may have thesame configuration as that of the first mode memory device 810. Otherconfigurations may also be used. Memory mode devices 812, 814 may storeinformation reflecting the current mode of operation. This isadvantageous where, for example, there is a momentary loss of power suchas may occur when flashlight 100 is dropped. Where the current modeinformation is stored, however, when power is restored, the modeinformation stored in memory devices 812, 814 may be read bymicrocontroller 720 so that commands may be provided to provide power toLED 130 to resume operation in the same mode.

Flashlight 100 may be provided with a variety of modes of operation. Inthe preferred embodiment discussed above, controller 808 is configuredto implement five separate modes of operation, i.e., on, power save,strobe, momentary and SOS in four different user interfaces. Differentand/or additional modes may be stored on microcontroller 720.Accordingly, when the flashlight is switched on, microcontroller 720reads mode information from an internal memory, for example, an embeddedSRAM built in the microcontroller 720, and provides commands so thatpower is provided to LED 130 according to the operation mode.

In addition to powering the flashlight according to the mode ofoperation, microcontroller 720 may also store the current modeinformation to external mode memory devices 812, 814. This may occur bymicrocontroller 720 writing the current mode information into the modememory devices 812, 814 by pulling signal lines ADC_MODE_CAP3 726 andADC_MODE_CAP2 722 to either low or high, i.e., 0 or 1, depending on thecurrent mode of operation. In this manner, the current mode informationis stored and may be used so that flashlight 100 may resume operation inthe current mode when power is restored after a momentary disruption.

Below are tables which show the combination of (low and high)information stored by memory devices 812, 814 for the operational modesin each user interface. If additional modes are to be included,additional memory devices may be included in the electronics.

TABLE 2a Operation Modes and Code - Consumer 1 Mode Name Memory Device812 Memory Device 814 Off 0 0 On 1 0 Power Save 0 1 Strobe 1 1

TABLE 2b Operation Modes and Code - Consumer 2 Mode Name Memory Device812 Memory Device 814 Off 0 0 On 1 0 Power Save 0 1 SOS 1 1

TABLE 2c Operation Mode and Code - Law Enforcement 1 Mode Name MemoryDevice 812 Memory Device 814 Off 0 0 Momentary 1 0 On 0 1 Power Save 1 1

TABLE 2d Operation Mode and Code - Law Enforcement 2 Mode Name MemoryDevice 812 Memory Device 814 Off 0 0 Momentary 1 0 On 0 1 Strobe 1 1

Flashlight 100 may face a power interruption while flashlight 100 isturned on or turned off. For example, when there is a need for batteryreplacement, flashlight 100 (and also the microcontroller 720) couldexperience a relatively long period of power interruption. When theflashlight is accidentally dropped on the ground or hit against a hardsurface from one of its ends, the inertia of the batteries or batterypack could cause the batteries or battery pack which is sufficient todisconnect from one of the battery contacts for a short period of time,which is sufficient to cause a short period of power interruption to thecontroller 808.

In the present embodiment, after flashlight 100 has experienced a powerinterruption, no matter if it is a relatively long period or a shortperiod, when the power is turned back on, microcontroller 720 may run apower up routine, which includes reading from the voltages stored onmode memory devices 812, 814 through signal lines ADC_MODE_CAP3 726,ADC_MODE_CAP2 722. Accordingly, flashlight 100 enters the mode indicatedby the mode memory devices 812, 814.

For example, after a battery replacement, the mode information indicatedby the mode memory devices 812, 814 should be 0, 0 since the chargestored on each of capacitors 764, 770 should have decayed by the timemicrocontroller 720 is again powered. Microcontroller 720 then readsfrom the mode memory devices 812, 814 and obtains 0, 0 as the modeinformation. Accordingly, flashlight 100 enters the off mode.

On the other hand, if flashlight 100 is accidentally dropped on theground or is hit against a hard surface from one of its ends, theinertia of the batteries or battery pack could cause the batteries orbattery pack to disconnect from one of the battery contacts for a shortperiod of time, which is sufficient to cause a short period of powerinterruption of typically shorter than 0.5 seconds to the controller808. If the mode of operation right before the power interruption was,for example, the strobe mode, the charge, after the short powerinterruption, stored on each of capacitors 764, 770 would continue to beretained until sufficiently after power is restored that microcontroller720 will read 1, 1 when it reads from the mode memory devices 812, 814.Accordingly, flashlight 100 will enter the strobe mode, which was theoperating mode before the power interruption. In other words, flashlight100 preferably has immunity from such temporary power interruptions, dueto accidental droppings of the flashlight or otherwise.

The power immunity from interruption of flashlight 100 also applies tothe condition when flashlight 100 is in the off mode. When flashlight100 is switched off, microcontroller 720 writes 0, 0 to mode memorydevices 812, 814, and microcontroller 720 enters a low power stand-bymode. Therefore, regardless of whether a short power interruption or along power interruption is experienced, after the power is restored,microcontroller 720 will read from the mode memory devices 812, 814 andobtain 0, 0 as the previous mode information. Accordingly, flashlight100 will enter the off mode.

In a preferred embodiment, the user may also create the user interfacesto be provided by the flashlight or other portable lighting device. Tothis end, the user may select different operational modes and arrangethem in different sets which each set comprising a different userinterface. One manner in which this may be accomplished involves aflashlight which may be connected to a computer via a USB or otherappropriate connection. After the flashlight is connected to thecomputer, the user may use the computer to store different operationalmodes in different user interfaces in the electronics of the flashlight.

For example, the electronics of switch module 120 may be used to displaythe operational modes that may be provided by flashlight 100 on thecomputer screen. The user may then select whatever mode he or shedesires and place it into a file representing a particular userinterface. This may be accomplished, for example, by dragging icons,which each icon represents an operational mode, into a section appearingon the computer screen that represents the user interface. Theoperational modes may be arranged in the desired order. When the user isfinished selecting the operational modes to complete a particular userinterface, that information may then be saved and stored into the memoryor other electronics of switch module 120. The user may then select thatuser interface later on when using flashlight 100.

While various embodiments of a portable lighting device withreconfigurable interfaces and operational modes have been presented inthe foregoing disclosure, numerous modifications, alterations andalternate embodiments may be contemplated by those skilled in the artand may be utilized in accomplishing the various aspects of the presentinvention. Thus, it is to be clearly understood that this description ismade only by way of example and not as a limitation on the scope of theinvention as claimed below.

1. A portable lighting device, comprising: a power source, a lightsource and electronics electrically coupled to form a circuit, a powerswitch that is electrically coupled to the circuit when engaged by auser; and one or more user interfaces that are each associated with anumber of blink(s) of the light source; wherein the electronics areconfigured to acknowledge an opening of the circuit, to acknowledge auser engaging the power switch while the circuit is closed, to providepower to the light source to emit a number of blink(s) and toacknowledge when the user disengages the power switch after a certainnumber of blink(s) to select the user interface.
 2. The portablelighting device of claim 1, wherein the electronics are furtherconfigured to acknowledge one or more engagements of the power switch bythe user, after the user interface has been selected, to select anoperational mode provided by the user interface.
 3. The portablelighting device of claim 1, wherein the portable lighting device is aflashlight.
 4. The portable lighting device of claim 3, furthercomprising: a barrel for housing the power source; and a tail cap thatis coupled to the barrel, that forms part of the circuit and that isremovable from the barrel to create the opening of the circuit.
 5. Theportable lighting device of claim 1, wherein the electronics includememory, and the one or more user interfaces are stored in the memory. 6.The portable lighting device of claim 1, wherein the electronics areconfigured to acknowledge the opening of the circuit lasting more thanone second.
 7. The portable lighting device of claim 1, wherein theelectronics are configured to acknowledge the user engaging the powerswitch for more than two seconds after the circuit is closed.
 8. Theportable lighting device of claim 1, wherein the electronics are furtherconfigured to provide power to the light source to emit a single blink,two blinks, three blinks or four blinks, and each set of blink(s) areassociated with a different user interface.
 9. The portable lightingdevice of claim 8, wherein the different user interfaces each provides aunique set of operational modes.
 10. A method of reconfiguring a userinterface of a portable lighting device that includes a power source, alight source and electronics electrically coupled to form a circuit, anda power switch that is electrically coupled to the circuit when engagedby a user, the method, comprising: opening the circuit; engaging thepower switch; closing the circuit; observing a number of blink(s)emitted by the light source, wherein each number of blink(s) isassociated with a user interface; and releasing the power switch afterviewing the number of blink(s) that is associated with the desired userinterface, thereby selecting the desired user interface.
 11. The methodof claim 10, further comprising: selecting a desired operation mode byengaging the power switch one or more times after the desired userinterface is selected.
 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the portablelighting device is a flashlight.
 13. The method of claim 12, wherein theopening the circuit step is accomplished by removing a tail cap of theflashlight.
 14. The method of claim 12 wherein the tail cap is removedfor more than one second.
 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the powerswitch is engaged for more than two seconds after the tail cap isreattached.
 16. A flashlight capable of providing different userinterfaces to a user, comprising: a power source, a light source andelectronics electrically coupled to form a circuit, a power switch thatis electrically coupled to the circuit when engaged by the user; and oneor more user interfaces that are stored in memory contained in theelectronics and that are each associated with a number of blink(s) ofthe light source; wherein the electronics are configured to acknowledgean opening of the circuit, to acknowledge a user engaging the powerswitch while the circuit is closed, to provide power to the light sourceto emit a number of blink(s) and to acknowledge when the user disengagesthe power switch after a certain number of blink(s) to select the userinterface.
 17. The flashlight of claim 16, wherein the electronics arefurther configured to acknowledge, after the user interface is selected,one or more engagements of the power switch by the user to select anoperational mode provided by the user interface.
 18. The flashlight ofclaim 17, further comprising: a barrel for housing the power source; anda tail cap that is coupled to the barrel, that forms part of the circuitand that is removable from the barrel to created the opening of thecircuit.
 19. The flashlight of claim 16, wherein the electronics arefurther configured to acknowledge the opening of the circuit lastingmore than one second, to acknowledge the user engaging the power switchfor more than two second after the circuit is closed and to providepower to the light source to emit a single blink, two blinks, threeblinks or four blinks.
 20. A flashlight, comprising: a power source, alight source and a controller electrically coupled to form a circuit, apower switch that is electrically coupled to the circuit when engaged bya user; and one or more user interfaces stored in the controller thatare each associated with a number of blink(s) of the light source;wherein the controller is configured to read information reflecting anopening of the circuit, to read information reflecting a user engagingthe power switch while the circuit is closed, to provide power to thelight source to emit a number of blink(s) and to acknowledge when theuser disengages the power switch after a certain number of blink(s). 21.The flashlight of claim 20, wherein the controller is further configuredto acknowledge one or more engagements of the power switch which areeach associated with an operational mode, and to provide power to thelight source according to the operational mode selected by the user. 22.The flashlight of claim 20, further comprising: a barrel for housing thepower source; and a tail cap that is coupled to the barrel, that formspart of the circuit and that is removable from the barrel to create theopening of the circuit.
 23. The flashlight of claim 20, furthercomprising: a memory device that is coupled to the controller and thatprovides information readable by the controller reflecting that theopening of the circuit has occurred for longer than a predeterminedtime.
 24. The flashlight of claim 23, wherein the information is avoltage.
 25. The flashlight of claim 20, further comprising: one or morememory devices that are coupled to the controller and that storeinformation reflecting a current mode of operation.
 26. The flashlightof claim 25, wherein the controller writes the information reflectingthe current mode of operation to the one or more memory devices.
 27. Theflashlight of claim 20, wherein multiple modes of operation are storedin the controller.
 28. A portable lighting device, comprising: a powersource, a light source for producing a light output and an electricalcircuit to couple the power source and the light source; a switch toopen and close the electrical circuit; a plurality of programmed modesproviding different light outputs from the light source, the modesarranged in a predetermined operable sequence; and electronics tocontrol and access the modes manually operable by a device user tochange the sequence of the modes.
 29. The portable lighting device ofclaim 28, wherein the electronics are configured to acknowledge anopening of the electrical circuit, to acknowledge the user engaging theswitch while the electrical circuit is closed, to provide power to emita signal and to acknowledge when the user disengages the switch after acertain signal to change the sequence of the modes.
 30. The portablelighting device of claim 29, wherein the signal comprises blinks emittedfrom said light source.
 31. The portable lighting device of claim 29,wherein the electronics are further configured to acknowledge one ormore engagements of the switch by the user, after the sequence of themodes has been changed, to select a programmed mode provided by thesequence.
 32. The portable lighting device of claim 28, wherein theportable lighting device is a flashlight.
 33. The portable lightingdevice of claim 31, further comprising: a barrel for housing the powersource; a tail cap that is coupled to the barrel, that forms part of theelectrical circuit and that is removable from the barrel to open theelectrical circuit.
 34. The portable lighting device of claim 28,wherein the electronics include memory, and the plurality ofpreprogrammed modes are stored in memory.
 35. The portable lightingdevice of claim 34, wherein a plurality of sequences are stored in thememory.
 36. The portable lighting device of claim 29, wherein theelectronics are further configured to acknowledge an opening of theelectrical circuit lasting more than a predetermined time.
 37. Theportable lighting device of claim 36, wherein the predetermined time ismore than one second.
 38. The portable lighting device of claim 29,wherein the electronics are further configured to acknowledge the userengaging the power switch for more than a predetermined time after theelectrical circuit is closed.
 39. The portable lighting device of claim38, wherein the predetermined time is more than two seconds.
 40. Theportable lighting device of claim 29, wherein the electronics arefurther configured to provide power to the light source to emit a singleblink, two blinks, three blinks or four blinks, and each set of blink(s)are associated with a different sequence.